NSF-DOE-NCAR CESM1 WACCM Version

Community Land Model 4 (CLM4)

https://oceans11.lanl.gov/COSIMdownloads/OldWiki/Cosim/CESMGeneralIntrod...

see slide 10

CLM: SURFACE HETEROGENEITY

 "The land surface is represented by 5 primary sub-grid land cover types (landunits: glacier, lake, wetland, urban, vegetated) in each grid cell."

"

The model represents several aspects of the land surface including surface heterogeneity and consists of components or submodels related to land biogeophysics, the hydrologic cycle, biogeochemistry, human dimensions, and ecosystem dynamics. Specific processes that are represented include:

• Vegetation composition, structure, and phenology
• Absorption, reflection, and transmittance of solar radiation
• Absorption and emission of longwave radiation
• Momentum, sensible heat (ground and canopy), and latent heat (ground evaporation, canopy evaporation, transpiration) fluxes
• Heat transfer in soil and snow including phase change
• Canopy hydrology (interception, throughfall, and drip)
• Snow hydrology (snow accumulation and melt, compaction, water transfer between snow layers)
• Soil hydrology (surface runoff, infiltration, redistribution of water within the column, sub-surface drainage, groundwater)
• Plant hydrodynamics
• Stomatal physiology and photosynthesis
• Lake temperatures and fluxes
• Dust deposition and fluxes
• Routing of runoff from rivers to ocean
• Volatile organic compounds emissions
• Urban energy balance and climate
• Carbon-nitrogen cycling
• Dynamic landcover change
• Land management including crops and crop management and wood harvest
• Ecosystem Demography (FATES, optional)"